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Compare Micronesia, Federated States of (2008) - Indonesia (2001)

Compare Micronesia, Federated States of (2008) z Indonesia (2001)

 Micronesia, Federated States of (2008)Indonesia (2001)
 Micronesia, Federated States ofIndonesia
Administrative divisions 4 states; Chuuk (Truk), Kosrae (Kosaie), Pohnpei (Ponape), Yap 27 provinces (propinsi-propinsi, singular - propinsi), 2 special regions* (daerah-daerah istimewa, singular - daerah istimewa), and 1 special capital city district** (daerah khusus ibukota); Aceh*, Bali, Banten, Bengkulu, Gorontalo, Irian Jaya, Jakarta Raya**, Jambi, Jawa Barat, Jawa Tengah, Jawa Timur, Kalimantan Barat, Kalimantan Selatan, Kalimantan Tengah, Kalimantan Timur, Kepulauan Bangka Belitung, Lampung, Maluku, Maluku Utara, Nusa Tenggara Barat, Nusa Tenggara Timur, Riau, Sulawesi Selatan, Sulawesi Tengah, Sulawesi Tenggara, Sulawesi Utara, Sumatera Barat, Sumatera Selatan, Sumatera Utara, Yogyakarta*; note - the province of Irian Jaya may have been divided into two new provinces - Central Irian Jaya and West Irian Jaya; with the implementation of decentralization on 1 January 2001, the 357 districts (regencies) may become the key administrative units

note:
following the 30 August 1999 provincial referendum for independence which was overwhelmingly approved by the people of Timor Timur and the October 1999 concurrence of Indonesia's national legislature, the name East Timor was adopted as a provisional name for the political entity formerly known as Propinsi Timor Timur; East Timor is under UN administration pending its formal independence
Age structure 0-14 years: 35.9% (male 19,726/female 19,011)


15-64 years: 61.2% (male 32,891/female 33,071)


65 years and over: 2.9% (male 1,379/female 1,784) (2007 est.)
0-14 years:
30.26% (male 35,144,702; female 33,973,879)

15-64 years:
65.11% (male 74,273,519; female 74,458,291)

65 years and over:
4.63% (male 4,641,816; female 5,945,663) (2001 est.)
Agriculture - products black pepper, tropical fruits and vegetables, coconuts, bananas, cassava (tapioca), sakau (kava), betel nuts, sweet potatoes; pigs, chickens; fish rice, cassava (tapioca), peanuts, rubber, cocoa, coffee, palm oil, copra; poultry, beef, pork, eggs
Airports 6 (2007) 453 (2000 est.)
Airports - with paved runways total: 6


1,524 to 2,437 m: 4


914 to 1,523 m: 2 (2007)
total:
136

over 3,047 m:
4

2,438 to 3,047 m:
12

1,524 to 2,437 m:
39

914 to 1,523 m:
44

under 914 m:
37 (2000 est.)
Airports - with unpaved runways - total:
317

1,524 to 2,437 m:
6

914 to 1,523 m:
28

under 914 m:
283 (2000 est.)
Area total: 702 sq km


land: 702 sq km


water: 0 sq km (fresh water only)


note: includes Pohnpei (Ponape), Chuuk (Truk) Islands, Yap Islands, and Kosrae (Kosaie)
total:
1,919,440 sq km

land:
1,826,440 sq km

water:
93,000 sq km
Area - comparative four times the size of Washington, DC (land area only) slightly less than three times the size of Texas
Background In 1979 the Federated States of Micronesia, a UN Trust Territory under US administration, adopted a constitution. In 1986 independence was attained under a Compact of Free Association with the US, which was amended and renewed in 2004. Present concerns include large-scale unemployment, overfishing, and overdependence on US aid. The world's largest archipelago, Indonesia achieved independence from the Netherlands in 1949. Current issues include: implementing IMF-mandated reforms of the banking sector, effecting a transition to a popularly elected government after four decades of authoritarianism, addressing charges of cronyism and corruption, holding the military accountable for human rights violations, and resolving growing separatist pressures in Aceh and Irian Jaya. On 30 August 1999 a provincial referendum for independence was overwhelmingly approved by the people of Timor Timur. Concurrence followed by Indonesia's national legislature, and the name East Timor was provisionally adopted. The independent status of East Timor - now under UN administration - has yet to be formally established.
Birth rate 24.14 births/1,000 population (2007 est.) 22.26 births/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Budget revenues: $127.3 million ($69 million less grants)


expenditures: $144.2 million (FY05 est.)
revenues:
$26 billion

expenditures:
$30 billion, including capital expenditures of $NA (2000 est.)
Capital name: Palikir


geographic coordinates: 6 55 N, 158 09 E


time difference: UTC+11 (16 hours ahead of Washington, DC during Standard Time)
Jakarta
Climate tropical; heavy year-round rainfall, especially in the eastern islands; located on southern edge of the typhoon belt with occasionally severe damage tropical; hot, humid; more moderate in highlands
Coastline 6,112 km 54,716 km
Constitution 10 May 1979 August 1945, abrogated by Federal Constitution of 1949 and Provisional Constitution of 1950, restored 5 July 1959
Country name conventional long form: Federated States of Micronesia


conventional short form: none


local long form: Federated States of Micronesia


local short form: none


former: Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands, Ponape, Truk, and Yap Districts


abbreviation: FSM
conventional long form:
Republic of Indonesia

conventional short form:
Indonesia

local long form:
Republik Indonesia

local short form:
Indonesia

former:
Netherlands East Indies; Dutch East Indies
Currency - Indonesian rupiah (IDR)
Death rate 4.66 deaths/1,000 population (2007 est.) 6.3 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Debt - external $60.8 million (FY05 est.) $144 billion (2000 est.)
Diplomatic representation from the US chief of mission: Ambassador Miriam K. HUGHES


embassy: 101 Upper Pics Road, Kolonia


mailing address: P. O. Box 1286, Kolonia, Pohnpei, 96941


telephone: [691] 320-2187


FAX: [691] 320-2186
chief of mission:
Ambassador Robert GELBARD

embassy:
Jalan Merdeka Selatan 4-5, Jakarta 10110

mailing address:
Unit 8129, Box 1, APO AP 96520

telephone:
[62] (21) 3435-9000

FAX:
[62] (21) 3435-9922

consulate(s) general:
Surabaya
Diplomatic representation in the US chief of mission: Ambassador Jesse Bibiano MAREHALAU


chancery: 1725 N Street NW, Washington, DC 20036


telephone: [1] (202) 223-4383


FAX: [1] (202) 223-4391


consulate(s) general: Honolulu, Tamuning (Guam)
chief of mission:
Ambassador DORODJATUN Kuntjoro-Jakti

chancery:
2020 Massachusetts Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20036

telephone:
[1] (202) 775-5200

FAX:
[1] (202) 775-5365

consulate(s) general:
Chicago, Houston, Los Angeles, New York, and San Francisco
Disputes - international none Sipadan and Ligitan Islands in dispute with Malaysia
Economic aid - recipient $106.4 million


note: under terms of the Compact of Free Association, the US pledged $1.3 billion in grant aid during the period 1986-2001; the level of aid has been subsequently reduced (2005)
$43 billion from IMF program and other official external financing (1997-2000)
Economy - overview Economic activity consists primarily of subsistence farming and fishing. The islands have few mineral deposits worth exploiting, except for high-grade phosphate. The potential for a tourist industry exists, but the remote location, a lack of adequate facilities, and limited air connections hinder development. The Amended Compact of Free Association with the US guarantees the Federated States of Micronesia (FSM) millions of dollars in annual aid through 2023, and establishes a Trust Fund into which the US and the FSM make annual contributions in order to provide annual payouts to the FSM in perpetuity after 2023. The country's medium-term economic outlook appears fragile due not only to the reduction in US assistance but also to the current slow growth of the private sector. Indonesia, a vast polyglot nation, faces severe economic problems, stemming from secessionist movements and the low level of security in the regions, the lack of reliable legal recourse in contract disputes, corruption, weaknesses in the banking system, and strained relations with the IMF. Investor confidence will remain low and few new jobs will be created under these circumstances. Growth of 4.8% in 2000 is not sustainable, being attributable to favorable short-term factors, including high world oil prices, a surge in nonoil exports, and increased domestic demand for consumer durables.
Electricity - consumption 178.6 million kWh (2002) 73.167 billion kWh (1999)
Electricity - exports 0 kWh (2002) 0 kWh (1999)
Electricity - imports 0 kWh (2002) 0 kWh (1999)
Electricity - production 192 million kWh (2002) 78.674 billion kWh (1999)
Electricity - production by source - fossil fuel:
80.36%

hydro:
14.63%

nuclear:
0%

other:
5.01% (1999)
Elevation extremes lowest point: Pacific Ocean 0 m


highest point: Dolohmwar (Totolom) 791 m
lowest point:
Indian Ocean 0 m

highest point:
Puncak Jaya 5,030 m
Environment - current issues overfishing, climate change, pollution deforestation; water pollution from industrial wastes, sewage; air pollution in urban areas; smoke and haze from forest fires
Environment - international agreements party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Ozone Layer Protection


signed, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements
party to:
Biodiversity, Climate Change, Desertification, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Nuclear Test Ban, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Tropical Timber 83, Tropical Timber 94, Wetlands

signed, but not ratified:
Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Marine Life Conservation
Ethnic groups Chuukese 48.8%, Pohnpeian 24.2%, Kosraean 6.2%, Yapese 5.2%, Yap outer islands 4.5%, Asian 1.8%, Polynesian 1.5%, other 6.4%, unknown 1.4% (2000 census) Javanese 45%, Sundanese 14%, Madurese 7.5%, coastal Malays 7.5%, other 26%
Exchange rates the US dollar is used Indonesian rupiahs per US dollar - 10,000 (January 2001), 8,421.8 (2000), 7,855.2 (1999), 10,013.6 (1998), 2,909.4 (1997), 2,342.3 (1996)
Executive branch chief of state: President Emmanuel MORI (since 11 May 2007); Vice President Alik L. ALIK (11 May 2007) note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government


head of government: President Emmanuel MORI (since 11 May 2007); Vice President Alik L. ALIK (11 May 2007)


cabinet: Cabinet includes the vice president and the heads of the eight executive departments


elections: president and vice president elected by Congress from among the four senators at large for a four-year term (eligible for a second term); election last held 11 May 2007 (next to be held May 2011); note - a proposed constitutional amendment to establish popular elections for president and vice president failed


election results: Emmanuel MORI elected president; percent of Congress vote - NA; Alik L. ALIK elected vice president; percent of Congress vote - NA
chief of state:
President Abdurrahman WAHID (since 20 October 1999) and Vice President MEGAWATI Sukarnoputri (since 21 October 1999); note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government

head of government:
President Abdurrahman WAHID (since 20 October 1999) and Vice President MEGAWATI Sukarnoputri (since 21 October 1999); note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government

cabinet:
Cabinet appointed by the president

elections:
president and vice president elected separately by the 700-member People's Consultative Assembly or MPR for five-year terms; election last held 20 and 21 October 1999 (next to be held by NA 2004)

election results:
Abdurrahman WAHID elected president, receiving 373 votes to 313 votes for MEGAWATI Sukarnoputri; MEGAWATI Sukarnoputri elected vice president, defeating Hamzah HAZ; vote totals NA

note:
the People's Consultative Assembly (Majelis Permusyawaratan Rakyat or MPR) includes the House of Representatives (Dewan Perwakilan Rakyat or DPR) plus 200 indirectly selected members; it meets every five years to elect the president and vice president and to approve the broad outlines of national policy
Exports $14 million (f.o.b.) (2004 est.) $64.7 billion (f.o.b., 2000 est.)
Exports - commodities fish, garments, bananas, black pepper, sakau (kava), betel nut oil and gas, plywood, textiles, rubber
Exports - partners Japan, US, Guam (2006) Japan 21%, US 14%, Singapore 10%, South Korea 7%, Netherlands 3%, Australia 3%, Hong Kong, China, Taiwan (1999 est.)
Fiscal year 1 October - 30 September calendar year; note - previously was 1 April - 31 March, but starting with 2001, has been changed to calendar year
Flag description light blue with four white five-pointed stars centered; the stars are arranged in a diamond pattern two equal horizontal bands of red (top) and white; similar to the flag of Monaco, which is shorter; also similar to the flag of Poland, which is white (top) and red
GDP - purchasing power parity - $654 billion (2000 est.)
GDP - composition by sector agriculture: 28.9%


industry: 15.2%


services: 55.9% (2004 est.)
agriculture:
21%

industry:
35%

services:
44% (1999 est.)
GDP - per capita - purchasing power parity - $2,900 (2000 est.)
GDP - real growth rate 0.3% (2005 est.) 4.8% (2000 est.)
Geographic coordinates 6 55 N, 158 15 E 5 00 S, 120 00 E
Geography - note four major island groups totaling 607 islands archipelago of 17,000 islands (6,000 inhabited); straddles Equator; strategic location astride or along major sea lanes from Indian Ocean to Pacific Ocean
Heliports - 4 (2000 est.)
Highways - total:
342,700 km

paved:
158,670 km

unpaved:
184,030 km (1997)
Household income or consumption by percentage share lowest 10%: NA%


highest 10%: NA%
lowest 10%:
3.6%

highest 10%:
30.3% (1996)
Illicit drugs major consumer of cannabis illicit producer of cannabis largely for domestic use; possible growing role as transshipment point for Golden Triangle heroin
Imports $132.7 million f.o.b. (2004) $40.4 billion (c.i.f., 2000 est.)
Imports - commodities food, manufactured goods, machinery and equipment, beverages machinery and equipment; chemicals, fuels, foodstuffs
Imports - partners US, Japan, Hong Kong (2006) Japan 12%, US 12%, Singapore 10%, Germany 6%, Australia 6%, South Korea 6%, Taiwan, China (1999 est.)
Independence 3 November 1986 (from the US-administered UN trusteeship) 17 August 1945 (proclaimed independence; on 27 December 1949, Indonesia became legally independent from the Netherlands)
Industrial production growth rate NA% 7.5% (2000 est.)
Industries tourism, construction; fish processing, specialized aquaculture; craft items from shell, wood, and pearls petroleum and natural gas; textiles, apparel, and footwear; mining, cement, chemical fertilizers, plywood; rubber; food; tourism
Infant mortality rate total: 28.15 deaths/1,000 live births


male: 31.08 deaths/1,000 live births


female: 25.08 deaths/1,000 live births (2007 est.)
40.91 deaths/1,000 live births (2001 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices) 2.2% (2005) 9% (2000 est.)
International organization participation ACP, ADB, FAO, G-77, IBRD, ICAO, ICRM, IDA, IFC, IFRCS, IMF, IOC, ITSO, ITU, MIGA, OPCW, PIF, Sparteca, SPC, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, WHO, WMO APEC, ARF, AsDB, ASEAN, CCC, CP, ESCAP, FAO, G-15, G-19, G-77, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC, ICFTU, ICRM, IDA, IDB, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, IHO, ILO, IMF, IMO, Inmarsat, Intelsat, Interpol, IOC, IOM (observer), ISO, ITU, NAM, OIC, OPCW, OPEC, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UNIKOM, UNMIBH, UNMOP, UNMOT, UNOMIG, UPU, WCL, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WToO, WTrO
Internet Service Providers (ISPs) - 24 (2000)
Irrigated land NA 45,970 sq km (1993 est.)
Judicial branch Supreme Court Supreme Court or Mahkamah Agung (justices appointed by the president from a list of candidates approved by the legislature)
Labor force 37,410 (2000) 99 million (1999)
Labor force - by occupation agriculture: 0.9%


industry: 34.4%


services: 64.7%


note: two-thirds are government employees (FY05 est.)
agriculture 45%, industry 16%, services 39% (1999 est.)
Land boundaries 0 km total:
2,602 km

border countries:
Malaysia 1,782 km, Papua New Guinea 820 km
Land use arable land: 5.71%


permanent crops: 45.71%


other: 48.58% (2005)
arable land:
10%

permanent crops:
7%

permanent pastures:
7%

forests and woodland:
62%

other:
14% (1993 est.)
Languages English (official and common language), Trukese, Pohnpeian, Yapese, Kosrean, Ulithian, Woleaian, Nukuoro, Kapingamarangi Bahasa Indonesia (official, modified form of Malay), English, Dutch, local dialects, the most widely spoken of which is Javanese
Legal system based on adapted Trust Territory laws, acts of the legislature, municipal, common, and customary laws based on Roman-Dutch law, substantially modified by indigenous concepts and by new criminal procedures code; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction
Legislative branch unicameral Congress (14 seats; 4 - one elected from each state to serve four-year terms and 10 - elected from single-member districts delineated by population to serve two-year terms; members elected by popular vote)


elections: last held 6 March 2007 (next to be held in March 2009)


election results: percent of vote - NA%; seats - independents 14
unicameral House of Representatives or Dewan Perwakilan Rakyat (DPR) (500 seats; 462 elected by popular vote, 38 are appointed military representatives; members serve five-year terms)

elections:
last held 7 June 1999 (next to be held NA June 2004)

election results:
percent of vote by party - PDI-P 37.4%, Golkar 20.9%, PKB 17.4%, PPP 10.7%, PAN 7.3%, PBB 1.8%, other 4.5%; seats by party - PDI-P 154, Golkar 120, PPP 58, PKB 51, PAN 35, PBB 14, other 30
Life expectancy at birth total population: 70.35 years


male: 68.52 years


female: 72.28 years (2007 est.)
total population:
68.27 years

male:
65.9 years

female:
70.75 years (2001 est.)
Literacy definition: age 15 and over can read and write


total population: 89%


male: 91%


female: 88% (1980 est.)
definition:
age 15 and over can read and write

total population:
83.8%

male:
89.6%

female:
78% (1995 est.)
Location Oceania, island group in the North Pacific Ocean, about three-quarters of the way from Hawaii to Indonesia Southeastern Asia, archipelago between the Indian Ocean and the Pacific Ocean
Map references Oceania Southeast Asia
Maritime claims territorial sea: 12 nm


exclusive economic zone: 200 nm
measured from claimed archipelagic baselines

exclusive economic zone:
200 NM

territorial sea:
12 NM
Merchant marine total: 3 ships (1000 GRT or over) 3,560 GRT/2,060 DWT


by type: cargo 1, passenger/cargo 2 (2007)
total:
609 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 2,698,157 GRT/3,723,933 DWT

ships by type:
bulk 36, cargo 357, chemical tanker 10, container 25, liquefied gas 3, livestock carrier 1, passenger 7, passenger/cargo 14, petroleum tanker 117, refrigerated cargo 1, roll on/roll off 15, short-sea passenger 8, specialized tanker 10, vehicle carrier 5 (2000 est.)
Military - note defense is the responsibility of the US -
Military branches no regular military forces (2007) Army, Navy, Air Force, Marines

note:
as of 1 July 2000, the National Police became an independent organization that reports directly to the president
Military expenditures - dollar figure - $1 billion (FY98/99)
Military expenditures - percent of GDP - 1.3% (FY98/99)
Military manpower - availability - males age 15-49:
64,046,049 (2001 est.)
Military manpower - fit for military service - males age 15-49:
37,418,755 (2001 est.)
Military manpower - military age - 18 years of age
Military manpower - reaching military age annually - males:
2,263,706 (2001 est.)
National holiday Constitution Day, 10 May (1979) Independence Day, 17 August (1945)
Nationality noun: Micronesian(s)


adjective: Micronesian; Chuukese, Kosraen(s), Pohnpeian(s), Yapese
noun:
Indonesian(s)

adjective:
Indonesian
Natural hazards typhoons (June to December) occasional floods, severe droughts, tsunamis, earthquakes, volcanoes
Natural resources forests, marine products, deep-seabed minerals, phosphate petroleum, tin, natural gas, nickel, timber, bauxite, copper, fertile soils, coal, gold, silver
Net migration rate -21.02 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2007 est.) 0 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Pipelines - crude oil 2,505 km; petroleum products 456 km; natural gas 1,703 km (1989)
Political parties and leaders no formal parties Crescent Moon and Star Party or PBB [Yusril Ihza MAHENDRA, chairman]; Development Unity Party or PPP (federation of former Islamic parties) [Hamzah HAZ, chairman]; Federation of Functional Groups or Golkar [Akbar TANJUNG, general chairman]; Indonesia Democracy Party or PDI (federation of former Nationalist and Christian Parties) [Budi HARDJONO, chairman]; Indonesia Democracy Party-Struggle or PDI-P [MEGAWATI Sukarnoputri, chairperson]; National Awakening Party or PKB [Matori Abdul DJALIL, chairman]; National Mandate Party or PAN [Amien RAIS, chairman]
Political pressure groups and leaders - NA
Population 107,862 (July 2007 est.) 228,437,870 (July 2001 est.)
Population below poverty line 26.7% (2000) 20% (1998)
Population growth rate -0.154% (2007 est.) 1.6% (2001 est.)
Ports and harbors - Cilacap, Cirebon, Jakarta, Kupang, Makassar, Palembang, Semarang, Surabaya
Radio broadcast stations AM 5, FM 1, shortwave 0 (2004) AM 678, FM 43, shortwave 82 (1998)
Radios - 31.5 million (1997)
Railways - total:
6,458 km

narrow gauge:
5,961 km 1.067-m gauge (101 km electrified; 101 km double track); 497 km 0.750-m gauge (1995)
Religions Roman Catholic 50%, Protestant 47%, other 3% Muslim 88%, Protestant 5%, Roman Catholic 3%, Hindu 2%, Buddhist 1%, other 1% (1998)
Sex ratio NA (2007 est.) at birth:
1.05 male(s)/female

under 15 years:
1.03 male(s)/female

15-64 years:
1 male(s)/female

65 years and over:
0.78 male(s)/female

total population:
1 male(s)/female (2001 est.)
Suffrage 18 years of age; universal 17 years of age; universal and married persons regardless of age
Telephone system general assessment: adequate system


domestic: islands interconnected by shortwave radiotelephone (used mostly for government purposes), satellite (Intelsat) ground stations, and some coaxial and fiber-optic cable; cellular service available on Kosrae, Pohnpei, and Yap


international: country code - 691; satellite earth stations - 5 Intelsat (Pacific Ocean) (2002)
general assessment:
domestic service fair, international service good

domestic:
interisland microwave system and HF radio police net; domestic satellite communications system

international:
satellite earth stations - 2 Intelsat (1 Indian Ocean and 1 Pacific Ocean)
Telephones - main lines in use 12,400 (2005) 5,588,310 (1998)
Telephones - mobile cellular 14,100 (2005) 1.07 million (1998)
Television broadcast stations 3 (cable TV also available) (2004) 41 (1999)
Terrain islands vary geologically from high mountainous islands to low, coral atolls; volcanic outcroppings on Pohnpei, Kosrae, and Chuuk mostly coastal lowlands; larger islands have interior mountains
Total fertility rate 3.07 children born/woman (2007 est.) 2.58 children born/woman (2001 est.)
Unemployment rate 22% (2000 est.) 15%-20% (1998 est.)
Waterways - 21,579 km total

note:
Sumatra 5,471 km, Java and Madura 820 km, Kalimantan 10,460 km, Sulawesi (Celebes) 241 km, Irian Jaya 4,587 km
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